玉米蛇宠物饲养询证指南

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《光照的测试》

湿度

玉米蛇的推荐湿度 60%~90%,始终保持1/4左右的垫材潮湿。(奥地利动物饲养条例, 2022  V 

Reptifiles推荐相对湿度 65~75%。(Reptifiles III 

有些较旧的指南指出湿度应该控制在60%以下,并认为超过60%会导致scale rot,但这一结论与自然条件不符。下图是玉米蛇原生生境中的某个城市(Tallahassee, Florida)2022年每日最低/最高湿度的周平均值(Weather Underground),可见自然生境中每日最低值就是40~60%,最高值可超过90%。因此更新的指南中大多给出了超过60%的湿度要求。

(个人观点→)注意自然生境的60-90%不是某一温度下的60~90%,空气中的水分绝对含量不变时,温度越高、相对湿度越低。所以如果某日的湿度最低值是60%、最高值是90%,很可能是中午60%、晚上90%。所以虽然有60-90%这个区间,在栖地设计时,如果开着晒灯还有80%,那还是太湿;晚上18度的时候还只有60%,很可能还是太干。

不过应该注意,不能反过来机械的照搬栖息城市的大环境湿度,要注意微环境。例如对于住在洞穴、地下的动物,在外界适度较低的时候仍然可以保持接近100%的湿度。

为了维持合适湿度,应该用保湿性较强的垫材和辅助保湿的地面丰容物,III垫材章节。

可能需要靠喷雾提高湿度,视室内自然湿度不同可能要两天一次、一天一次甚至一天两次。III

建议买一个几十块钱的电动浇花泵,不然手捏非常累。II

每次用完水泵后应该排空管路中和泵中的剩水。II

不建议用雾化器,原因有I

  • 短期内湿度太高
  • 维持时间太短
  • 不是蒸馏水时充分雾化的矿物质是一种空气污染物(悬浮无机盐粒子),不但让所有玻璃表面都凝结一层盐,还可能造成肺炎。

建议每周用F10SC兽医消毒剂清洁一次水泵。III

提供一个湿躲避。有两种方案,一个是用一个塑料盒,留一个小孔,垫上吸湿物(如厨房纸或者苔藓)然后喷水;III 另一种是购买带有陶瓷渗水盆的躲避,往陶瓷盆里加水,能维持一两天都是潮湿的。III 后者还有一个好处是可以同时充当水碗,我的玉米蛇似乎很喜欢从“屋顶”喝水。II

苔藓在持续潮湿环境下很容易发霉(长出白毛并结块),一定注意定期更换苔藓,否则可能导致肺炎。

为您的蛇提供一个湿润的藏身处也是一个好主意。只需在藏身盒/洞穴内铺上湿润的泡沫苔藓,并定期更换苔藓以防止霉菌积累。

加湿喷淋用的水应达到(蛇的)饮用标准,不要使用未除氯的自来水加湿。因为蛇有时会在“下雨”时饮用叶片、墙面上掉落的水滴(这是一种野外生存策略,因为野外的固定水源都很脏,但下雨粘在物体表面上的水比较干净)。如果使用经Reptisafe等除氯剂处理的自来水(而不是现成的饮用水或蒸馏水)做喷淋,应使水呈较大水滴状态喷淋,避免过分雾化。雾化的除氯水中的可溶物会挥发形成悬浮无机盐粒子污染物,可能导致肺炎、还使栖地玻璃结盐渍。

注意加湿器具(如水泵和附带管路、或者喷壶)需要定期消毒,否则会在容器和管路内部长细菌或真菌。

关于鬃狮蜥的湿度

Lois-Jade Ingham Author

I cannot keep the humidity down! New dragon mum ✌🏼 Please be nice.. 😊 Only when I leave the glass door slightly open then close when it loses the humidity, I can regulate the temp so figured it’s either the heat lamp too hot, lack of ventilation or my flooring.. (coconut fibre carpet and orchid bark at cool side) 😭 His viv I know it’s slightly on the small side now as he’s becoming adult…. He’s good though, eats his greens, loves his bugs but he was eating sand and shredded kitchen roll etc.. so googled the next best thing and I’m going wrong somewhere? 😘 xx

Frances Baines Frances Baines Admin There is a current myth that bearded dragons have to live in lower relative humidity than a normal UK room (which is usually around 50%).... this is NOT true. In fact they dehydrate very easily if the humidity is much below normal, especially at night, in the cooler parts of the tank. Relative humidity is relative to air temperature... so when you have your basking lamp on, the air over the basking zone will have very low levels (can be as low as 10%!) but the cool end should stay higher, anything from 30 - 50% is normal and for brief periods, much higher levels are fine... the substrate will dry out quickly as any moisture evaporates. However, coco fibre is not ideal for beardies, because if it is dry, it turns very dusty; but if kept damp, it holds a lot of moisture and that is not a good idea (e.g., you may even see condensation on the glass of the viv doors!). Bark chips are even worse because if eaten, they can't be digested and a big chunk could cause a blockage in the gut. My favourite here in the UK is a 50:50 blend of sand and John Innes seed compost with several handfuls of ZooMed Excavator clay added; moisten this just enough to create a moldable texture then pack it down to create a thick "floor"... the clay makes it set hard enough as it dries, to walk on without sliding about, but soft enough for them to dig. A ready-made alternative is called ProRep Beardie Life. I've used that, too, in the past.

Thomas Griffiths Moderator Hi, We have a large user base in the UK. We do recommend that all requests for help are kept on the forum and away from private messages. This way we can “quality check” any advice given and make sure it’s in line with our ethos.

湿度的测量

个人使用ESP32和5个SHT20传感器做湿度测量。II 也可以买现成的电子湿度计。不要用指针式机械湿度计。III

要注意湿度的测量结果与湿度传感器的摆放位置有很大关系。躲避中(不只是湿躲避)测湿度几乎总是接近100%,直接放在垫材上测试会远远高估湿度,放在通风口或晒区又会大大低估湿度。建议在离开地面10~20 cm处测量湿度更具代表性。II

湿度过高

湿度过低

可能导致蜕皮困难,体现为蛇蜕不是完整的一条,中间断裂,部分蛇蜕留在身上(卡皮,stuck shed)。尤其要注意蛇尾巴尖和蛇的眼鳞是否卡皮。并且蜕皮后的新皮发皱。长期湿度过低可能导致便秘,对小蛇致命。(冬青-Cyan, 2021 III 

下图是太干的紫晶蟒导致卡皮和新皮发皱(冬青-Cyan, 2021 III :

湿度过低可能导致蛇的泡澡行为,(但是from reddit蛇泡澡并不一定是湿度有问题?)。

解决:增加遮蔽物以增加阴影区、更换锁水能力更好的垫材

湿躲避

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《垫材》